BIO PRODUCTS
1. Bio Miticide
2. Bio Insecticide
3. Bio Pesticide
4. Bio Fungicide
5. Organic Manure
6. Bio Fertilizers
7. Vermi Compost
8. Neem Cake
9. Cotton Seed Cake
BIO MITICIDE – TRISHUL (plant protector)
Trishul Bio Miticide composed of oil of wild plant seeds, Fatty Acids and Alkaloids. Used to control THRIPS AND MITES.
Function: To control White Fly, Aphid, Jassid, Red Mites, Thrips and all types of Larva
Dose: 1.0 to 1.2 ml per Liter of water
Recommended Crops: Any Field Crops and/or Horticultural Crops
Used as on: At the time of disease
Compatibility: Mix with most of all pesticides / fungicides / PGR
Packing: 250 ml, 500 ml, 1 Ltr and bulk drum of 50 ltrs and 200 Ltrs.
BIO- PESTICIDE
Biopesticides, are typically created by growing and concentrating naturally occurring organisms and/or their metabolites including, bacteria and other microbes, fungi, nematodes, proteins, etc.. They are often considered to be important components of integrated pest management (IPM) programmes, and have received much practical attention as substitutes to synthetic chemical plant protection products (PPPs). The Manual of Biocontrol Agents (2009: formerly the Biopesticide Manual) gives a review of the available biological insecticide (and other biology-based control) products.
Advantages
(a) No harmful residues detected
(b) Can be cheaper than chemical pesticides when locally produced.
(c) Can be more effective than chemical pesticides in the long-term.
(d) Biodegradable
ORGANIC MANURE
Organic manure have proved to be the safest and long lasting soil improvisers. They do not exert harmful and polluting effects on the soil and plants. These fertilizers consist of natural and bio-degradable components and elements which can easily be worked upon by little microorganisms and thus reach the crops and plants in a safe manner.
Organic manure is a similar compound highly rich in nitrogen, which prominently consists of animal waste and rotten grass. The natural components are harmless and take long time to be decomposed. However as the time has progressed, manure is also manufactured in the plants under the enhanced effects of temperature and other required conditions for the decomposition to occur.
Manures are a great contribution to the fertility of the soil as they add organic matter and nutrients in the soil. And thus accomplish the demands of the much needed nutrition.
Manure has been classified into main two types:
1. Green Manure
2. Animal Manure
Green Manure
The green manure essentially comprises of green rotten crops or plants. Certain agricultural practices involve growing of certain useless crops simply to plough them under so as to provide green manure to the agricultural land.
These crops when rotten nourish the soil with their nutrients. Mainly these crops are described as cover crops which are meant to serve the purpose of nourishing the dead soil.
However not only this, these cover crops also serves the fertility of the soil in various other means as well. These cover crops are more often leguminous crops which, along with the rhizobium bacteria synthesize nitrogen and thus enhance the soil fertility.
These multipurpose crops also increase the biomass of the soil by great margins, and promote water retention, aeration, and other soil characteristics.
By exerting the soil in the roots, these cover crops like vetch or clover also prevent soil erosion and prevent flooding of the soil.
The strong root system of the cover crops help the main crop to quarry the essential nutrient from inside the deep soil.
Animal Manure
The animal waste has been extensively used as soil fertilizer since ages now. However the manure of different animals possesses various soil nutrients and especially nitrogen.
Animal manure when kept for a long time is decomposed and it forms compost, one of the richest nutrient sources for fertilization of the soil. The most common forms of animal manures are horse manure, cow manure, pig manure, sheep manure, chicken and turkey manures, rabbit manure, seabird and bat Guano, etc.
Moreover, the waste of all household animals like cow, buffalo, oxen, goats, sheep, etc. is extensively used to fertilize the soil.
Benefits of Organic Manure
1. Organic manure is easy to find and can be made available in all conditions.
2. Easy to store, manure does not require any special treatment as it is not reactive or inflammable.
3. Green manure can be easily cultivated through the cover crops and the farmers can enjoy the double or multi-benefits of it.
4. Animal manure can also be prepared into slurry and is easy to use as well.
5. Manure can also be used as fuel and has been used as same since ages. Dried cow dung is also used as fuel sources.
6. Manure is totally safe to use and does not incur any harmful effects on the soil.
7. Moreover, the nutrients of the soil are not only replenished with the help of manures, but are also retained for a longer duration.
8. Prevention of soil erosion and other catastrophes are also fueled by the usage of manures.
9. Manure is also used to make paper and thus the cutting of trees can be prevented to a great extent.
Availability: 25 kg and 50 kg bags
BIO FERTILIZER
A Bio fertilizer (also bio-fertilizer) is a substance which contains living microorganisms which, when applied to seeds, plant surfaces, or soil, colonizes the interior of the plant and promotes growth by increasing the supply or availability of primary nutrients to the host plant.
A bio-fertilizer provides the following benefits:
1. Since a bio-fertilizer is technically living, it can symbiotically associate with plant roots. Involved microorganisms could readily and safely convert complex organic material in simple compounds, so that plants are easily taken up. Microorganism function is in long duration, causing improvement of the soil fertility. It maintains the natural habitat of the soil. It increases crop yield by 20-30%, replaces chemical nitrogen and phosphorus by 25% and stimulates plant growth. It can also provide protection against drought and some soil-borne diseases.
2. Bio-fertilizers are cost-effective relative to chemical fertilizers. They have lower manufacturing costs, especially regarding nitrogen and phosphorus use.
Some important groups of Bio-fertilizers:
1. Azolla-Anabena symbiosis: Azolla is a small, eukaryotic, aquatic fern having global distribution.Prokaryotic blue green algae Anabena azolla resides in its leaves as a symbiont. Azolla is an alternative nitrogen source. This association has gained wide interest because of its potential use as an alternative to chemical fertilizers.
2. Rhizobium: Symbiotic nitrogen fixation by Rhizobium with legumes contribute substantially to total nitrogen fixation. Rhizobium inoculation is a well-known agronomic practice to ensure adequate nitrogen.
Availability: 1 Kg and 25 kg bags
VERMI COMPOST
Vermi compost is the product or process of composting using various worms, usually red wigglers, white worms, and other earthworms to create a heterogeneous mixture of decomposing vegetable or food waste, bedding materials, and vermin cast. Vermi cast, also called worm castings, worm humus or worm manure, is the end-product of the breakdown of organic matter by an earthworm. These castings have been shown to contain reduced levels of contaminants and a higher saturation of nutrients than do organic materials before vermin composting.
Containing water-soluble nutrients, vermin compost is an excellent, nutrient-rich organic fertilizer and soil conditioner. This process of producing vermin compost is called vermin composting.
While vermin composting is generally known as a nutrient rich source of organic compost used in farming and small scale sustainable, organic farming, the process of vermin casting is undergoing research as a treatment for organic waste in sewage and wastewater plants around the world.
Availability: 1 kg, 5 kg and 25 kg bags.
NEEM CAKE
Neem cake organic manure is the by-product obtained in the process of cold pressing of neem tree fruits and kernels, and the solvent extraction process for neem oil cake. It is a potential source of organic manure under the Bureau of Indian Standards, Specification No. 8558. Neem has demonstrated considerable potential as a fertilizer. For this purpose, neem cake and neem leaves are especially promising.
Components
Neem Cake has an adequate quantity of NPK in organic form for plant growth. Being a totally botanical product it contains 100% natural NPK content and other essential micro nutrients as N (Nitrogen 2.0% to 5.0%), P (Phosphorus 0.5% to 1.0%), K (Potassium 1.0% to 2.0%), Ca (Calcium 0.5% to 3.0%), Mg (Magnesium 0.3% to 1.0%), S (Sulphur 0.2% to 3.0%), Zn (Zinc 15 ppm to 60 ppm), Cu (Copper 4 ppm to 20 ppm), Fe (Iron 500 ppm to 1200 ppm), Mn (Manganese 20 ppm to 60 ppm). It is rich in both sulphur compounds and bitter limonoids.
According to research calculations, neem cake seems to make soil more fertile due to an ingredient that blocks soil bacteria from converting nitrogenous compounds into nitrogen gas. It is a nitrification inhibitor and prolongs the availability of nitrogen to both short duration and long duration crops.
Use as a fertilizer:
Neem cake organic manure protects plant roots from nematodes, soil grubs and white ants probably due to its residual limonoid content. It also acts as a natural fertilizer with pesticidal properties. Neem cake is widely used in India to fertilize paddy, cotton and sugarcane. Usage of neem cake has shown an increase in the dry matter in Tectona grandis (Teak), Acacia nilotica (Gum Arabic), and other forest trees.
Neem seed cake also reduces alkalinity in soil, as it produces organic acids on decomposition. Being totally natural, it is compatible with soil microbes, improves and rhizosphere microflora and hence ensures the fertility of the soil. Neem Cake improves the organic matter content of the soil, helping improve soil texture, water holding capacity, and soil aeration for better root development.
Pest control
Neem cake is effective in the management of insects and pests. The bitter principles of the soil and cake have been reported to have seven types of activities
(a) antifeedant
(b) attractant
(c) repellent
(d) insecticide
(e) nematicide
(f) growth disruptor
(g) antimicrobial.
The cake contains salannin, nimbin, azadirachtin and azadiradione as the major components. Of these, azadirachtin and meliantriol are used as locust antifeedants while salannin is used as an antifeedant for the housefly.
Availability: 1 kg, 5 kg and 25 kg bags
COTTON SEED CAKE
Cottonseed is the seed of the cotton plant.
The mature seeds are brown ovoids weighing about a tenth of a gram. By weight, they are 60% cotyledon, 32% coat and 8% embryonic root and shoot. These are 20% protein, 20% oil and 3.5% starch. Fibers grow from the seed coat to form a boll of cotton lint. The boll is a protective fruit and when the plant is grown commercially, it is stripped from the seed by ginning and the lint is then processed into cotton fibre. For unit weight of fibre, about 1.6 units of seeds are produced. The seeds are about 15% of the value of the crop and are pressed to make oil and used as ruminant animal feed. About 5% of the seeds are used for sowing the next crop.
Cottonseed Meal:
Cottonseed meal is a good source of protein. The two types of meal extraction processes are solvent extraction and mechanical extraction. Most of the meal is extracted mechanically through cottonseed kernels. The flaked cottonseed kernels are put into high pressure through a screw inside a barrel which is constantly revolving. The screw pushes out the oil through the openings made in the barrel. The dry pieces left in the barrel are preserved and ground into meal. During the solvent extraction process, the cottonseed kernels are subjected to fine grinding by pushing them through an expander and then the solvent is used to extract most of the oil. The solvent-extracted meals have a lower fat content of 0.5% than the mechanically extracted meals with a fat content of 2.0%. Cottonseed meal is considered to have more arginine than soybean meal. Cottonseed meal can be used in multiple ways: either alone or by mixing it with other plant and animal protein sources.
Fertilizer:
The cottonseed meal after being dried can be used as a dry organic fertilizer, as it contains 41% protein and contains other natural nutrients such as omega-9 fatty acids. It can also be mixed with other natural fertilizers to improve its quality and use. Due to its natural nutrients, cottonseed meal improves soil's texture and helps retain moisture. It serves as a good source of natural fertilizers in dry areas due to its tendency of keeping the soil moist. Cottonseed meal fertilizers can be used for roses, camellias, or vegetable gardens.
Availability: 1 kg, 5 kg and 25 kg bags
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